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Family and nationality

International divorce lawyer in Alicante

Couples of different nationalities, foreign residents on the Costa Blanca or assets in more than one country. We handle international divorces and, where violence is involved, we coordinate the criminal and family proceedings.
Reviewed by Celeste Pérez Bleda, Bar member no. 7301 · Updated October 2026

In short

A divorce with international elements raises three questions: which courts have jurisdiction, which law applies and how the judgment will be recognised in other countries. Within the European Union, jurisdiction in divorce and parental responsibility is governed by Regulation (EU) 2019/1111, the law applicable to divorce by Regulation (EU) No 1259/2010 (Rome III) and maintenance by Regulation (EC) No 4/2009. If there are criminal proceedings for gender violence, the family case is heard by the Violence against Women Section (Sección de Violencia sobre la Mujer).

Which court decides and which law applies

Having married in another country, or the spouses holding another nationality, does not prevent you from divorcing in Spain. The deciding factor is usually habitual residence:

  • Jurisdiction: Regulation (EU) 2019/1111 (Brussels II ter) determines which European courts can hear the divorce and matters of parental responsibility.
  • Applicable law: Regulation (EU) No 1259/2010 (Rome III) allows the spouses to choose the law and, if they have not chosen, mainly applies the law of their habitual residence.
  • Assets: the matrimonial property regime is governed by Regulation (EU) 2016/1103, which is decisive when there is property in Spain and abroad.
  • Maintenance: maintenance is governed by Regulation (EC) No 4/2009, which makes it easier to claim across countries.

Children and moving abroad

Moving a child’s residence to another country requires the agreement of both parents or a court’s authorisation. When a child is wrongfully removed or retained, the 1980 Hague Convention on international child abduction allows you to request the child’s immediate return.

International divorce involving gender violence

If there is a complaint or open criminal proceedings, the divorce and the measures concerning the children are dealt with by the Violence against Women Section (Sección de Violencia sobre la Mujer), and mediation is prohibited. We coordinate both sets of proceedings so that the protection measures are also reflected in the family case and, if necessary, can be enforced in another European Union Member State.

Frequently asked questions

Yes, if the Spanish courts have jurisdiction, usually because one or both spouses are habitually resident in Spain. A foreign marriage may first need to be registered with the Spanish Civil Registry (Registro Civil).

The law you have validly chosen or, if no choice has been made, the law indicated by the Rome III Regulation, which gives priority to the law of the spouses’ common habitual residence.

Yes. Celeste and her team assist clients in Spanish, English, French, German, Dutch, Russian, Ukrainian, Romanian, Albanian, Arabic and Chinese.

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